民事公益诉讼简释

公益诉讼源于罗马法,具有古老的历史,但民事公益诉讼存在的时间并不很长。本文尝试分析民事公益诉讼的内涵、特征,考查国外民事公益诉讼制度的状况以及我国民事公益诉讼的历史状况和现状。     

Y─12飞机起飞操纵性能改进措施

针对Ｙ─１２（Ⅱ）型飞机在进行小重量起飞性能试飞时出现的主轮自动离地现象进行了讨论分析，找出了产生主轮自动离地现象的主要原因，提出了解决问题的方法和改进措施，并分析研究了对起飞性能的影响因素，为改善起飞操纵性提供了依据。     

基于二级优化技术的襟翼导轨设计方法研究及应用

结构质量对飞机的各项性能具有至关重要的影响,为了有效降低飞机结构质量,合理布置材料,提高材料的利用效率,发展一种二级优化设计技术.以外襟翼平面导轨结构为研究对象,将优化设计问题分解成两个易于求解的子问题——顶层优化设计和底层优化设计,顶层优化设计采用拓扑方法确定腹板的加筋形式,底层优化设计采用尺寸优化确定襟翼导轨的厚度分布;通过两层优化,在结构质量最小化的基础上,使得结构形式最优化.结果表明:在保证应力和位移水平的前提下,二级优化设计技术可以快速有效地减轻结构质量,具有一定的工程应用价值.     

民用飞机RAT发电机自然结冰环境飞行试验研究

为了检验某型飞机RAT发电机在自然结冰环境下能否正常释放和供电,对该RAT发电机自然结冰试飞进行研究。首先,阐述RAT发电机进行自然结冰试飞的原因、目的以及民用航空标准对自然结冰环境的要求;其次,介绍RAT发电机自然结冰的试飞方法;最后,对试飞结果进行分析。结果表明:RAT发电机自然结冰环境条件满足适航规章要求,能够在可预期的自然结冰环境下实现手动释放功能且供电功能正常。     

Drop test and crash simulation of a civil airplane fuselage section

Crashworthiness of a civil airplane fuselage section was studied in this paper. Firstly, the failure criterion of a rivet was studied by test, showing that the ultimate tension and shear failure loads were obviously affected by the loading speed. The relations between the loading speed and the average ultimate shear, tension loads were expressed by two logarithmic functions. Then, a vertical drop test of a civil airplane fuselage section was conducted with an actual impact velocity of6.85 m/s, meanwhile the deformation of cabin frame and the accelerations at typical locations were measured. The finite element model of a main fuselage structure was developed and validated by modal test, and the error between the calculated frequencies and the test ones of the first four modes were less than 5%. Numerical simulation of the drop test was performed by using the LS-DYNA code and the simulation results show a good agreement with that of drop test. Deforming mode of the analysis was the same as the drop test; the maximum average rigid acceleration in test was 8.81 g while the calculated one was 9.17 g, with an error of 4.1%; average maximum test deformation at four points on the front cabin floor was 420 mm, while the calculated one was 406 mm, with an error of 3.2%; the peak value of the calculated acceleration at a typical location was 14.72 g, which is lower than the test result by 5.46%; the calculated rebound velocity result was greater than the test result 17.8% and energy absorption duration was longer than the test result by 5.73%.     

民用小飞机取美国FAA型号合格证研究

洪都航空工业集团公司设计生产的N5A飞机先后取得中国民用航空局（CAAC）颁发的型号合格证和生产许可证。为了开拓国际市场,根据中美双边适航协议,按14CFR23适航标准与美国联邦航空局（FAA）小飞机管理中心达成的型号合格评估项目（CRI）要求,洪都集团主要从设计工程技术资料、持续适航文件、现场试飞评估等几个主要方面,接受FAA的审查,完成了FAA对该型飞机的颁证工作。本文结合该型飞机完整的型号取证过程,为我国航空工业企业按CCAR23部生产的小飞机申请美国FAA型号合格证,将产品推向国际市场探索出了一条可行之路。     

Earth observation with MEO transmitters and UAS receivers: A potential utilization of Galileo constellation

Remote sensing application of Galileo upcoming constellation in the field of civil security is preliminarily analyzed, defining low resolution (25 m) and high resolution (7.5 m) working modes for a bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar system utilizing Galileo satellites as transmitters and Unmanned Aerial Systems as receivers. Simulations offshore Somali coast and in a South Mediterranean Sea region showed that both low and high resolution acquisitions are feasible. For the low resolution mode a probability of successful image formation no matter the azimuth position of the receiving UAS has been estimated at nearly 100%. Whereas, for the high resolution mode it decreases to about 90%, which, if deemed unsatisfactory for the application, leads to the need for UAS to adapt its route to the actual Galileo satellite coverage.     

民航专业来华留学生现状分析及培养研究

通过对行业背景及来华民航专业留学生现状、教学方式、管理模式等方面的分析,提出了针对民航专业来华留学生的教学及管理方法。     

对民航乘务英语课程的再认识

民航乘务英语课程需要区分"教"与"训"的差别。前者强调知识性内容的讲授和教学,后者强调技能性服务语言的训练和使用。民航乘务英语课程是乘务知识和服务语言技能的"合二为一"。